Conditional Statement syntax in C

If Statement

Format

If

if (condition) {
    // run task when meet condition
}

if else

if (condition) {
    // run task when meet condition
} else {
    // run when task not meet condition
}

if else-if else

if (condition) {
    // run task when meet condition
} else if (condition2){
    // run when task meet condition2
} else {
    // run when task not meet condition and condition2
}

Switch Statement

Format

switch (variable) {

    case value1:
        // run task when variable = value1
        break;
    case value2:
        // run task when variable = value2
        break;
        
    default:
        // run fallback task
        // when all the value is not equal to variable
        break;
}

For Statement

• for statement is a loop / repeat statement

Format

for (initial Value Expression; bool Expression; update State Expression;) {
    // code 
}

• initial Value Expression; defines a initial value of a looping variable
• bool Expression; are usually Comparision statement (>, <, ==, ...)
• update State Expression; updates the value of looping variable, so the value will slowly approached and meet the conditon

Example

for (i = 0; i < 10; i ++;) {
    // print 0 - 9
    Serial.println(i);
}

While Statement

• The variable in loop of while will put outside the while loop block.
• Inside the while loop block will handling the variable change

Format

while (bool expression) {
    // code
}

Example

int i = 0;

while (i < 10) {
    Serial.println(i);
    i++;
}